Gun with an independent sighting-line.



H. KORRODI. GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTIN G LINE.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

:nLunmlA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTON, D.

H. KORRODI. GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTING LINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.30, 1907.

1,003,115. Peteetet Sept.12,1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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H. KOR'RODI.

GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTING LINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.30, 1907.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH KORBODI, OF ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FRIED.KRUPP AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

GUN WITH AN INDEPENDENT SIGHTING-LINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH Konnooi, a citizen of Switzerland, and aresident of Essen-on-the-Ruhr, Germany, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Guns with an Independent Sighting-Line, of whichthe following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a gun with an independent sightingline.

The invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1shows, by the way of example, a side view, partly in section, of oneembodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a corresponding rear view, alsopartly in section; Fig. 3 is a section on line 33, Fig. 1, looking fromabove; Fig. 4: is a section on line *lt, Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a part ofFig. 3, the construction being somewhat difi erent.

Reference will first be had to the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 4. Thegun barrel A is mounted to slide on the track-carrier B which by meansof horizontal trunnions, of which the drawing shows only one (5), isswingingly mounted in the cradle C. The cradle is connected to thecarrier 13 by an elevating mechanism and can, by means of a lateraltraining mechanism, be swung relatively to the mount L about the axis ofthe vertical trunnion c which is journaled in the mount.

The elevating and training mechanisms, which are not shown in thedrawings, may be of any suitable construction.

One of two horizontal trunnions, viz. Z), is provided with a cylindricalprojection 19 the axis of which coincides wit-h the axis of thehorizontal trunnions. This projection forms the pivot for an arm D whichmay be termed the sight-attachment carrier. The carrier D is providedwith a guide cl which embraces an adjustment segment P secured to thecradle C and curved concentrically to the axis of the trunnions. Thesegment has teeth 79 which mesh with a spiral gear E (Fig. 3) having ahand wheel 6 and mounted in the guide cl. The plane through which thegun-barrel swings being perpendicular to the axis of the horizontaltrunnions, will be thrown out of vertical position by unevenness in thesurface upon which the wheels rest, and angular movement of theSpecification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 30, 1907.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

Serial No. 371,073.

gunbarrel upon the horizontal trunnions at such times will not effectcorresponding changes in angle of elevation. The sight attachment casingF is swingingly mounted in a project-ion d on the carrier D through themedium of a trunnion f and a guide rail f which is curved concentricallyto the axis of the trunnion f. The axis of the trunnion f extendsparallel to the plane in which the axis of the bore of the gun-barrelswings during the elevation. The guide-rail f is provided with teeth f(Fig; 2) which mesh with a worm G journaled in the projection d andhaving a hand-wheel g. It being understood that with a flight continuinga given number of units of time, determined by the adjustment of thefuse, the bursting height will vary with the angle of elevation of thegun-barrel. The carrier D is further provided with a projection d havinga groove that is curved concentrically to the axis of the horizontaltrunnions and in which is guided a slide H provided with teeth 72, whichmesh with a worm J (Figs. 3 and 4:), the worm being journaled in theprojection (Z and provided with a handwheel 2". On that face of theprojection d that is remotest from the gun-barrel, a scale (Z (Fig. 1)is drawn, serves to correct the bursting height and is adapted to beread in conjunction with a mark 72, on the slide H. In addition to themark 7L2, the slide H is provided with a second mark h on which can beadjusted a mark r on an index-hand R which is rigidly secured to theprojection 7) of the trunnion b. The arrangement is so selected that theaxis of the trunnion f is parallel to the axis of the bore of thegunbarrel, when the mark 7* of the index-hand R registers with the markif and when at the same time the mark 71 registers with the zero pointof'the scale (i The correction of the bursting height is thereforeeffected by shifting the slide H in the projection d of the arm D, themark ]L3 of the slide being adjusted to register with the mark r of theindex-hand R when the gun-barrel is being elevated.

The circularly curved attachment bar K which carries a sight-telescope Nis guided, in the customary inclined path, in the at tachment casing Fin such a manner that,

when the sightingattachment is adjusted to the desired elevation, thesighting line at the same time gets a direction in which allowance ismade for the lateral deviation of the projectile that caused by therifling. On that face of the attachment-bar, which is remotest from thegun-barrel, elevation scales a 7: 7c are provided, each of said scalescorresponding to a certain weight of the driving charge. The edge of thecasing F which cooperates with these scales designated In the casing Fis journaled a spiral gear M having a hand-wheel m and meshing withteeth L" on the attachment-bar. The sighting attachment is provided withtwo levels T and S. The level T is arranged in such a manner that itslongitudinal axis extends parallel to the axis of the horizontaltrunnions, when, on the one hand, the edge 7'" registers with the Zeropoints of the scales k 7: 7a, and when, on the other hand, theattachment casing F has the adjustment relatively to the carrier D thatcorresponds to the horizontal position of the wheels. The other level isadjustable in a known manner and serves to eliminate or measure theterrain-angle.

In order to direct the gun at a visible (direct) target by means of theimproved sighting attachment the attachment-bar K is first adjusted bymeans of the spiral gear M 70 in such a manner that the edge 7" of theattachment casing registers with that division-line of the correspondingelevation scale (/0 or 70 or is) that corresponds to the desired range.The adjustment for correcting the bursting height will not be consideredat present, and it will therefore be assumed that the mark it? of theslide H registers with the zero point of the scale cl. The sighting lineof the telescope is thereupon directed against the target, the elevationbe ing effected by swinging the attachment carrier D about the axis ofthe trunnions by turning the hand-wheel e, and the lateral directionbeing effected by swinging the eradle C about the axis of the trunnion athrough the medium of the lateral training mechanism. If the gun hasinclined position of the wheels, that is to say it the level T does notregister, the attaclnnent casing F is then swung about the axis of thetrunnion f until the level T registers, this swinging movement beingeffected by means of the hand-wheel. g and the worm gear G F. If, afterthis has been done, the sighting line is not any longer directed at thetarget the adjustment of sighting line against the target and theadjustment of the casing F are repeated until'finally the sighting lineis directed at the target and the level T registers. Finally, theelevating mechanism is used for imparting such an elevation to thegunbarrel A that the mark r of the index-hand R registers with the mark70 of the slide H. The gun-barrel is then directed at the target withelii'i'iination ot the influence of the inclined position of the wheelsand with elimination of the influence of the lateral deviation caused bythe rifling. That this is so will be understood from the followingconsiderations: If the axis of the trunnion f be considered the axis ofthe bore of a gunbarrel, there is no doubt that this assumed gun-barrelis directed with elimination of the influences of the inclined positionof the wheels and of the lateral deviation caused by the rifling, tor,in this instance, their relations are exactly the same as in the knownguns in which the attaclnnent-casing can be swung about an axis parallelto the axis of the bore of the gun-barrel for the purpose of eliminatingthe influence of the inclined position of the wheels and in which theattachment bar has an inclined position which makes up for the lateraldeviation of the projectile caused by the rifling. As, however, the mark7L2 registers with the zero point of the scale (P and the mark 1' isadjusted to register with the mark if, the axis of the bore of the realgun-barrel A is, according to the prior explanations, parallel to theaxis of the trunnion f, that is to say, it

is 1 arallel to the axis of the bore of the 1maginary gun-barrel, andthe gun-barrel A is consequently also directed with elimination of theinfluence ot' inclined position of the wheels and of the lateraldeviation caused by the twist.

If it is necessary to correct the bursting height the slide H isadjusted by means of the hand-wheel i and the worm-gear J it until themark if registers with that divisionline of the scale cl" whichcorresponds to the desired bursting height, and the mark 0" of theindex-hand R is thereupon again brought to register with the mark 7L3through the medium of the elevating mechanism. A change corresponding tothe desired correction of the bursting height has then been imparted tothe gun-barrel. The influence of the inclined position of the wheel isin this case not completely eliminated because the axis of the bore ofthe gun-barrel is not any longer parallel to the axis of the trunnion f.The errors caused by this fact are, however, so small that they are ofno importance in comparison with the errors of spreading which takeplace on firing, and no attention need, therefore, be paid thereto.

Even if the possibility of eliminating the influence of the inclined.posit-ion of the wheels is lett out of consideration thehereiii-described device presents the further advantage that the personwho operates the clevating mechanism of the gun need only take care thatthe mark 1" of the index-hand R registers with the mark if of the slideH.

This fact results in much less likelihood for a mistake being made thanwhen the person must first examine the many division lines of anelevatin scale and select that division line with W iich the mark 1"must be brought to register. This advantage is in particular prominentwhen there are several elevating scales, as in high elevation guns, andwhen the gun-barrel after each firing must first be brought into loadingposition and then again into firing position, as is necessary on firingat great elevations.

In Fig. 5 the index-hand R, the slide H and the projection (Z of theattachment carrier D are provided at 0a with surfaces on the side towardthe gun-barrel, on which surfaces are arranged the above-named marks 1"k k and the scale 03*. The object of this arrangement is to enable theelevation of the gun-barrel to be watched by that person of theserving-crew who is positioned on the right side of the gun and operatesthe elevating mechanism.

' Having now described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. Thecombination with a gun-barrel, of a sighting device carrier swingable inthe same direction as the elevating movement of the gun-barrel takesplace and having an axis fixed thereon which can be adjusted parallel tothe axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swinging said carrier, asighting device comprising an adjustable part carrying the sight andmeans for imparting to the sighting-line an inclination corresponding tothe range relatively to the axis fixed on said sighting device carrier,said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted to partake of theswinging movement of said carrier, means for elevating said sightingdevice carrier independently of the gunbarrel, and a member swingableabout the same axis as said carrier and provided with a mark, saidmember being positively connected to the gun-barrel and adapted to turnin unison therewith and said sighting device carrier having a markadapted to register with the mark of said member, when the axis of thebore of the gun-barrel and said axis fixed on the sighting devicecarrier are essentially parallel to each other.

2. The combination with a gun-barrel, of a sighting device carrierswingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of thegun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can beadjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swingingsaid carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carryingthe sight and means for imparting to the sighting-line an inclinationcorresponding to the range relatively to the axis fixed on said sightingdevice carrier, said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted topartake of the swinging movement of said carrier, means for elevatingsaid sighting device carrier independently of the gunbarrel, and amember swingable about the same axis as said carrier and provided with amark, said member being positively connected to the gun-barrel andadapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting device carrierhaving a mark adapted to register with the mark of said member, when theaxis of the bore of the gun-barrel and said axis fixed on the sightingdevice carrier are essentially parallel to each other, and a correctingdevice comprising a slide carrying one of said marks, and a means foradjusting said slide.

3. The combination with a gun-barrel, of a sighting device carrierswingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of thegun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can beadjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swingingsaid carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carryingthe sight and means for imparting to the sighting-line an inclinationcorresponding to the range relatively to the axis fixed on said sightingdevice carrier, said adjustable part carrying the sight being adapted topartake of the swinging movement of said carrier, means for elevatingsaid sighting device carrier independenty of the gun-barrel, and amember swingable about the same axis as said carrier and provided with amark, said member being positively connected to the gun-barrel andadapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting device carrierhaving a mark adapted to register with the mark of said member, when theaxis of the bore of the gun-barrel and said axis fixed on the sightingdevice carrier are essentially parallel to each other, and a device forcorrecting the bursting height comprising a slide carrying one of saidmarks, means for adjusting said slide, a scale for indicating theadjustment of said slide and a mark appertaining to said scale, the saidscale and the mark appertaining thereto and the two first-named marksbeing located on the sides of said sighting device carrier and saidswingable member which are remotest from the gun-barrel.

4:. The combination with a gunbarrel, of a sighting device carrierswingable in the same direction as the elevating movement of thegun-barrel takes place and having an axis fixed thereon which can beadjusted parallel to the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel by swingingsaid carrier, a sighting device comprising an adjustable part carryingthe sight, a casing therefor swingingly mounted on said carrier aboutthe axis fixed thereon and means for imparting to the sighting-line aninclination corresponding to the range relatively to the axis ofswinging movement of said casing, said adjustable part carrying thesight being adapted to partake of the swinging movement of said carrier,means for elevating said sighting device carrier independently of thegunbarrel and a member swingable about the same axis as said carrier andprovided with a mark, said member being positively connected to the gunbarrel and adapted to turn in unison therewith and said sighting devicecarrier having a mark adapted to register with the mark of saidswingable memher, when the axis of the bore of the gunbarrel and saidaxis fixed on the sighting device carrier are essentially parallel toeach other. I

5. The combination with a gun carriage, of a gun barrel provided withhorizontal trunnions, a carrier adjustable independently of the gunbarrel about the axis of the horizontal trunnions, an adjustable-slidemounted in said carrier and provided with a mark, a sighting devicemounted on the carrier and provided with a casing adjustable relativelyto the carrier about a horizontal axis other than the axis of thetrunnions; and an index-hand partaking of the elevation of thegun-barrel, said slide and index-hand being adapted to indicate therelative angular adjustment between the gun barrel and the carrier.

6. The combination with the gun barrel, of a sighting attachment carrieradjustable independently of the gun barrel about the axis of thehorizontal trunnions and carry ing a scale for correcting the burstingheight, an mdex hand partaking of the elevation of the gun barrel, andan adjustable device mounted on the carrier and provided with two marks,one for the scale and the other for the index hand.

7. The combination with a gun carriage, of a gun-barrel, a carrieradjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of thehorizontal trunnions, an adjustable slide mounted in said carrier andprovided with a mark, a sighting device mounted on the carrier andprovided with a casing adjustable relatively to the carrier about ahorizontal axis other than the axis of the trunnions; and an index-handpartaking of the elevation of the gun-barrel and adapted to registerwith the mark upon said slide.

8. The combination with the gun-barrel; of a carrier; means foradjusting the carrier independently of the movement of the gunbarrel andabout the axis of the horizontal trunnions of the gun-barrel; asight-attachment casing carried by the carrier; means for adjusting saidcasing about an axis other than the axis of the trunnions; an indexhandpartaking of the movement of the gunbarrel; and means for correcting thebursting-height, said means comprising a slide in geared relation withsaid carrier.

9. The combination with a trunnioned: gun-barrel, of a carrier armpivotally mounted upon one of the trunnions of said gun-barrel andprovided with an arcuate groove concentric therewith, an arcuate rackrigidly secured to the cradle within which the gun-barrel is trunnioned,said arcuate rack being concentric with the trunnion and provided with aprojection to fit said groove, geared means carried bv the carrier armfor engaging said rack, a sight attachment ad justable angularly aboutaxes in planes parallel and perpendicular to the trunnions, an index-armrigidly secured to said trunnion upon which the carrier is mounted, andmeans adjustable relatively to both the carrier and the index-armwhereby a preliminary adjustment to correct the bursting height isobtained.

10. The combination with a gun-carriage, of a gun-barrel; a carrieradjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of thehorizontal trunnions, a sighting-device mounted on the carrier andcomprising a sight-attachment adjustable about the latter to correspondto the range of the target, and a casing for the sight-attaclnnentadjustable about an axis without the horizontal plane through the axisof the trunnions, and means acting independently of the sighting-(letuce for indicating the correction of the burstingheight.

11. The combination with a gun-carriage; of a gun-barrel; a carrieradjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of thehorizontal trunnions; a sighting device mounted on the carrier; a casingtherefor, adjustable relatively to the carrier about an axis other thanthe axis of said trun nions; means for controlling the elevation of thesighting-device independently of the movement of the gun-barrel; andmeans adjustable independently of the sighting device for indicating thecorrection of the bursting-hei ht.

12. The combination with a gun carriage, of a gun barrel, a carrieradjustable independently of the gun barrel about the axis of thehorizontal trunnions and carrying a scale for correcting the burstingheight, a sighting device mounted on the carrier and adjustablerelatively to the latter to correspond to the range of the target, anindex hand partaking of the elevation of the gun barrel, and a devicemounted adjustably on the carrier and carrying two marks, one for thescale and the other for the index hand.

13. The combination with a gun-carriage, of a gun barrel, a carrieradjustable independently of the gun-barrel about the axis of thehorizontal trunnions, a sightingdcvice mounted upon the carrier andcomprising a casing adjustable about an aXis above the seldorf, Germany,this 19th day of March, horizontal plane of the trunniolns; a sight-1907. attachment movable throiwh t e casing by means of gearing; andIngans acting inde- HEINRICH KORRODI' pendently of the sighting devicewhereby the In,,presence 0fcorrection in the bursting height isobtained. M. ENeELs,

The foregoing specification signed at Dus- ALFRED POHLMEYER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. G.

